于成涛,陈明辉,王福会.FHG97/WS2自润滑复合材料力学性能和摩擦学性能的研究[J].表面技术,2023,52(3):143-150, 227.
YU Cheng-tao,CHEN Ming-hui,WANG Fu-hui.Mechanical and Tribological Properties of FHG97/WS2 Self-lubricating Composites[J].Surface Technology,2023,52(3):143-150, 227
FHG97/WS2自润滑复合材料力学性能和摩擦学性能的研究
Mechanical and Tribological Properties of FHG97/WS2 Self-lubricating Composites
  
DOI:10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2023.03.011
中文关键词:  镍基自润滑材料  高温  摩擦学性能  润滑性  磨损机理
英文关键词:nickel-based self-lubricating material  high temperature  tribological properties  lubricity  wear mechanisms
基金项目:国家自然科学基金(51871051);宁夏自然科学基金(2021AAC03255);第四批宁夏青年科技人才托举工程(TJGC2019028)
作者单位
于成涛 东北大学 沈阳材料科学国家研究中心东北大学联合研究分部,沈阳 110819;宁夏理工学院 机械工程学院,宁夏 石嘴山 753000 
陈明辉 东北大学 沈阳材料科学国家研究中心东北大学联合研究分部,沈阳 110819 
王福会 东北大学 沈阳材料科学国家研究中心东北大学联合研究分部,沈阳 110819 
AuthorInstitution
YU Cheng-tao Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China;School of Mechanical Engineering, Ningxia Institute of Science and Technology, Ningxia Shizuishan 753000, China 
CHEN Ming-hui Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China 
WANG Fu-hui Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China 
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中文摘要:
      目的 探究FHG97/WS2复合材料力学和摩擦学性能。方法 采用放电等离子烧结技术制备不同WS2含量的复合材料,通过硬度仪和万能试验机评估材料的力学性能。采用往复式摩擦试验机和白光干涉仪测试25~600 ℃的摩擦学性能。利用XRD、SEM、EDS和Raman分析材料的物相、显微组织和磨损表面的形貌及元素成分。结果 在复合材料制备烧结过程中,WS2与FHG97发生了固相原位反应,生成了CrxSy和M6C相。新生相提高了复合材料的微观硬度和抗压强度,降低了抗弯强度。摩擦磨损测试结果表明,复合材料的摩擦系数在25~600 ℃都随温度的升高而降低,添加WS2对摩擦系数降低有积极的作用。磨损率在25~400 ℃先降低,600 ℃有所上升。CrxSy和M6C协同作用使复合材料在25~200 ℃改善了摩擦磨损性能。400 ℃时,磨损表面形成的NiO、Cr2O3和Ni2CrO4等氧化物,以及CrxSy的协同作用使得FW1的磨损率下降1个数量级。600 ℃时,CrxSy软化降低了氧化膜的粘附力,使FW1的磨损率略有上升。FW2表面未形成氧化膜,M6C脱落对表面形成磨粒磨损,加剧了表面磨损。结论 制备的FHG97/WS2复合材料具有优异的力学性能,FW1在25~600 ℃内具有最优的摩擦学性能。FHG97/WS2体系材料中WS2的添加量应考虑原位反应对基体中Cr的消耗,避免在高温下无法形成保护性的氧化膜。
英文摘要:
      In the research of high temperature self-lubricating composites, researchers often focus on the characterization of tribological properties, but pay little attention to the mechanical properties of composites, so it is difficult to evaluate their utility. The work aims to investigate the effects of WS2 addition on the mechanical and tribological properties of nickel-based self-lubricating composites. Three kinds of FGH97/WS2 composites with different WS2 content 0wt% (FW0), 6wt% (FW1) and 12wt% (FW2) were prepared by spark plasma sintering technology. The tribological properties of the composites in the range of 25-600 ℃ were tested by reciprocating friction and wear tester, and the wear rate and scratch profile were measured by white light interferometer. A hardness tester was used to test the hardness of the material at room temperature, and a universal testing machine was used to test the compressive strength and flexural strength of the material at room temperature. The phase of the materials was analyzed by X-ray diffractometer. The morphology and composition of the scratch were observed and analyzed by scanning electron microscope with energy spectrometer. The phase compositions of worn surface were characterized by Raman scattering instrument. The results showed an in-situ solid-state reaction between WS2 and FHG97, generating the CrxSy and M6C phases during the composite sintering. With the increase of WS2 content, the hardness and compressive yield strength of the composites increased. The flexural strength of FW1 was basically the same as that of the matrix FW0, while the flexural strength of FW2 decreased significantly. At 25-600 ℃, the friction coefficients of the three materials decreased with the increase of temperature. The friction coefficient decreased more obviously with the increase of WS2. At 25-200 ℃, due to the poor deformation ability of the material, abrasive wear and adhesive wear mainly occurred, which made FW0 and FW1 have high friction coefficient and high wear rate. At 200 ℃, the FW2 exhibited good tribological properties, with a friction coefficient of 0.36 and a wear rate of 8.6×10-5 mm3/(N.m). At 400 ℃, FW0 and FW1 undergo tribo-induced oxidation, and NiO, Cr2O3 and NiCr2O4 were formed on the wear surface, which improved the tribological properties. FW1 had excellent tribological properties due to the synergistic effect of oxides and CrxSy, with a friction coefficient of 0.33 and a wear rate of 1.9×10–5 mm3/(N.m). At 600 ℃, the surface of FW0 was instantly oxidized to form a continuous smooth enamel layer rich in Cr2O3, which significantly improved the tribological properties of the matrix. However, CrxSy decreased the adhesion of oxide film and increased the wear rate of FW1 slightly. The falling off hard phase M6C caused abrasive wear on FW2 surface, resulting in no oxide film on the surface and exacerbated surface wear. In summary, the prepared FGH97/WS2 composites have excellent mechanical properties, and FW1 has the best tribological properties at 25-600 ℃. The addition of WS2 in FGH97/WS2 system should consider the consumption of Cr in the matrix by in situ reaction, so as to avoid the failure to form a protective oxide film at high temperature.
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