张祥,周亮,贾宏耀,冯宴荣,赵李斌,房大庆.镁合金微弧氧化膜层性能优化研究进展[J].表面技术,2023,52(3):122-133.
ZHANG Xiang,ZHOU Liang,JIA Hong-yao,FENG Yan-rong,ZHAO Li-bin,FANG Da-qing.Research Progress on Performance Optimization of Micro-arc Oxidation Films on Magnesium Alloys[J].Surface Technology,2023,52(3):122-133
镁合金微弧氧化膜层性能优化研究进展
Research Progress on Performance Optimization of Micro-arc Oxidation Films on Magnesium Alloys
  
DOI:10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2023.03.009
中文关键词:  镁合金  微弧氧化  耐蚀性  耐磨性  生物学性能
英文关键词:magnesium alloy  micro-arc oxidation  corrosion resistance  wear resistance  biological properties
基金项目:陕西省重点研发计划(2021GY–244);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划(2021JLM–41);西安交通大学金属材料强度国家重点实验室开放课题(20202204)
作者单位
张祥 长安大学 材料科学与工程学院,西安 710064 
周亮 长安大学 材料科学与工程学院,西安 710064 
贾宏耀 长安大学 材料科学与工程学院,西安 710064 
冯宴荣 长安大学 材料科学与工程学院,西安 710064 
赵李斌 山西银光华盛镁业股份有限公司,山西 闻喜 043800 
房大庆 西安交通大学 金属材料强度国家重点实验室,西安 710049 
AuthorInstitution
ZHANG Xiang School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064, China 
ZHOU Liang School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064, China 
JIA Hong-yao School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064, China 
FENG Yan-rong School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064, China 
ZHAO Li-bin Shanxi Yinguang Huasheng Magnesium Co., Ltd., Shanxi Wenxi, 043800, China 
FANG Da-qing State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China 
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中文摘要:
      镁合金是一类重要的工程材料,具有许多优良的物理、化学性能,在航空航天、交通运输、电子通信、生物医学和能源等领域具有广阔的应用前景。镁合金的应用受到其高化学活性的限制,需要进行表面处理,以避免腐蚀。在众多表面处理技术中,微弧氧化技术极大地改善了镁合金的综合性能。其中,工艺参数对膜层性能有着重要的影响。在分析微弧氧化膜层厚度、微观结构和相组成成因的基础上,结合国内外研究现状重点阐述了电解质、颗粒添加物、电参数(电流模式、电压、电流密度、占空比、频率和氧化时间)对膜层耐蚀性、耐磨性及生物学性能的影响,并由此引出调控导向性、陶瓷膜增韧、性能匹配优化及能源利用率等关键问题。此外,还探讨了研究者针对上述问题采取的解决方案,并分析了方案的合理性。最后,结合镁合金微弧氧化目前存在的问题对其未来发展进行了展望。
英文摘要:
      Magnesium alloy is an important engineering material with many excellent physical and chemical properties, which has broad application prospects in the fields of aerospace, transportation, electronic communications, biomedicine, energy, etc. However, the application of magnesium alloy is limited by its high chemical activity, so surface treatment is required to avoid corrosion. Micro-arc oxidation (MAO) leads the working area from the Faraday area to the high-voltage discharge area, which overcomes the defects of anodic oxidation and greatly improves the overall properties of magnesium alloys. Based on the research status in China and abroad, the effects of electrolyte, particle additives and electrical parameters (current mode, voltage, current density, duty cycle, frequency and oxidation time) on the corrosion resistance, wear resistance and biological properties of the films were introduced emphatically. Then, key issues such as regulation orientation, ceramic film toughening, performance matching optimization and energy utilization were proposed. In addition, the solutions adopted by the researchers to the above problems were discussed, and the rationality was analyzed accordingly. Finally, in view of the existing problems, the future development of MAO technology of magnesium alloys was discussed. MAO films are known for higher thickness, dense structure and ceramic phase, which usually shows excellent corrosion resistance and wear resistance compared to other types of films. However, due to the film-forming characteristics of MAO process, there is inevitably a certain porosity in the ceramic films. To increase film density, researchers have explored the use of nanoparticles in the electrolyte, which can be deposited onto the film by electrophoretic adsorption or electromigration under a strong electric field. In fact, ceramic films can be brittle and prone to fatigue and peel off during wear. To address this issue, increasing the toughness can enhance the energy absorption capacity of the films and prevent the rapid crack propagation. At present, there has been little research on the toughening of magnesium alloy ceramic films, which can be deepened in the future. Studies were also made to introduce a lubricating phase, such as graphite, to enhance anti-friction performance of the films. It has been found that the single factor experiment may not accurately capture the influence of process parameters on films, which is due to the interaction between variables. Therefore, the relationship between the process parameters and the film properties is nonlinear, and when a certain critical value is exceeded, the film properties will deteriorate. In addition, magnesium alloys are commonly used in biological applications, where there are also checks and balances between biological properties, such as degradation rates and bacterial inhibition. Therefore, optimizing the matching between properties is key to improving the overall performance of the films. Due to the complexity of MAO process, there is no complete explanation of the film formation mechanism. Thus, basic research should be further strengthened to explore the thermodynamics and kinetics of film formation. In recent years, the research direction tends to solidify, and there is little research with substantial innovation. Therefore, it is urgent to establish a richer and more scientific research system on the basis of the previous work. Last but not least, energy consumption is also an important factor that can hardly be ignored in future industrialization. Reducing energy consumption without sacrificing the quality of the film will both reduce costs and uphold the concept of sustainable development.
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