贾晓慧,胡亚宝,宋欣灵,方艳,雷剑波.激光熔化沉积WC复合Inconel 718合金微观组织及磨损性能[J].表面技术,2022,51(12):329-339.
JIA Xiao-hui,HU Ya-bao,SONG Xin-ling,FANG Yan,LEI Jian-bo.Microstructure and Wear Performance of WC/Inconel 718 Composites by Laser Melting Deposition[J].Surface Technology,2022,51(12):329-339 |
| 激光熔化沉积WC复合Inconel 718合金微观组织及磨损性能 |
| Microstructure and Wear Performance of WC/Inconel 718 Composites by Laser Melting Deposition |
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| DOI：10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2022.12.034 |
| 中文关键词: 激光熔化沉积 Inconel 718 碳化钨 微观组织 磨损机理 |
| 英文关键词:laser melting deposition Inconel 718 tungsten carbide microstructure wear mechanism |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划(2018YFB0407302);国家自然科学基金(61772365);工信部工业转型升级绿色制造项目(RZJC–XM19–004);天津市教委科研项目(2018KJ206) |
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| Author | Institution |
| JIA Xiao-hui | Laser Technology Institute, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China |
| HU Ya-bao | Laser Technology Institute, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China |
| SONG Xin-ling | Laboratory of Mechanics Gabriel Lamé LaMé, University of Orleans, Orleans 45072, France |
| FANG Yan | Laser Technology Institute, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China |
| LEI Jian-bo | Laser Technology Institute, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 解决Inconel 718合金在工程应用中存在的磨损失效等问题，探究碳化钨(Tungsten Carbide，WC)对Inconel 718合金磨损性能的增强机理。方法 通过激光熔化沉积技术制备Inconel 718及WC/Inconel 718涂层，通过扫描电镜(Scanning Electron Microscope，SEM) 和X射线衍射(X–ray diffraction，XRD)等测试手段对Inconel 718合金和WC/Inconel 718复合材料的微观组织和物相组成进行观测，探讨其微观组织演变机理;通过硬度测试和摩擦磨损测试对WC复合Inconel 718合金的硬度、摩擦磨损性能及WC复合强化机理进行研究。结果 涂层的微观组织主要由柱状晶、胞状晶和少量等轴晶组成，加入WC后复合材料的晶粒组织比Inconel 718合金的晶粒组织略微细化;Inconel 718合金主要由γ–(Ni, Fe)、γ′–Ni3(Al, Ti)和Fe3Ni2等物相组成，WC/Inconel 718主要由γ–(Ni, Fe)、γ′–Ni3(Al, Ti)、AlCoCrW、CrNi15W和Cr–Ni–Fe–C等物相组成;WC的加入使Inconel 718合金的硬度略有提升，磨损率降至未添加WC时的65.3%，磨损机制以黏着磨损和磨粒磨损为主。结论 WC颗粒在Inconel 718基体中起到了强化硬质颗粒的作用，部分WC颗粒的熔化提高了合金基体的硬度，且生成的高硬度金属化合物与未熔解的球形WC颗粒在Inconel 718合金基体中起到了阻碍晶粒边界运动的钉扎效果，对提升Inconel 718合金的磨损性能有很大帮助。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| As one of the most widely used nickel-based alloys in the aerospace field, Inconel 718 alloy has good strength and mechanical properties at high temperature and room temperature, and has been widely used in military applications, aerospace aircraft and various parts and components. However, after long-term service in harsh working environments, aircraft engine components often face problems such as blade wear, and serious failures will reduce the performance of the components, thereby affecting the service life of the components. The work aims to solve the wear failure of Inconel 718 alloy in engineering application, and explore the mechanism of WC in enhancing the wear resistance of Inconel 718 alloy. The Inconel 718 and WC/Inconel 718 coatings were prepared by laser melting deposition technology. The microstructure evolution mechanism, hardness, friction and wear properties and WC strengthening mechanism of WC composite Inconel 718 alloy were studied. The WC/Inconel 718 composite powders were mixed uniformly by a mixer. Before the laser melting deposition experiments, the Inconel 718 and WC/Inconel 718 powders were dried in a drying oven at 110 ℃ for 2 h to remove the internal moisture. The substrate was A3 steel plate, the surface of the substrate was cleaned with sandpaper and a laser cleaning machine to remove oxides and rust on the surface to prevent affecting the experimental results. The powders and the laser enter the molten pool together through the laser working head, and were melted on the A3 steel substrate under the action of the laser. The whole cladding experiment was carried out under the protection of an argon gas chamber. The processing parameters were:the laser scanning speed was 16 mm/s, the laser power was 2 000 W, and the overlap rate was 50%. According to the metallographic preparation standards, the prepared Inconel 718 and WC/Inconel 718 cladding blocks were cut, ground and polished, and the samples were corroded with a corrosive solution of HCl:HF=1∶1, the German ZEISS-Sigma 300 field Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the microstructure and morphology of the cross-section of Inconel 718 alloy and WC/Inconel 718 composite, and then the equipped energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) was used to analyze the element distribution in specific positions of the samples. The phases of Inconel 718 and WC/Inconel 718 samples were detected by D/MAX-2500 X-ray diffractometer, respectively. Using a microhardness tester (HV-1000 Vickers hardness tester) with a load of 0.2 kg and a loading time of 10 s, the cross-section of the sample was measured from the coating surface at a certain distance along the deposition direction. Friction and wear experiments were carried out on Inconel 718 alloy and WC/Inconel 718 composite specimens at room temperature using M-2000 type test block-pair grinding ring wear tester and the wear debris was collected. The microstructure of the coatings were mainly composed of columnar crystals and cellular crystals. The phase composition of Inconel 718 alloy mainly consists of γ-(Ni, Fe), γ′-Ni3 (Al, Ti) and Fe3Ni2, the phase composition of WC/Inconel 718 mainly consists of γ-(Ni, Fe), γ′-Ni3(Al, Ti), AlCoCrW, CrNi15W and Cr-Ni-Fe-C; The hardness test and friction and wear test were carried out on Inconel 718 alloy and WC/Inconel 718 composite materials. The experimental results showed that WC slightly increased the hardness of the alloy, and the wear rate was reduced to 65.3% of that of the alloy without WC. This is because the WC particles play a role of strengthening the hard particles in the Inconel 718 matrix, and the dissolution of a small amount of WC particles increases the hardness of the alloy matrix. In addition, the generated high-hardness metal compound and undissolved spherical WC particles have a pinning effect that hinders the movement of the grain boundary, which is very helpful to improve the wear performance of Inconel 718 alloy. |
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