张长松,周丽敏,阎冬,侯绍刚,王书红,武卫明.316L不锈钢电化学着黑色研究[J].表面技术,2022,51(12):217-224, 254.
ZHANG Chang-song,ZHOU Li-min,YAN Dong,HOU Shao-gang,WANG Shu-hong,WU Wei-ming.Electrochemical Black of 316L Stainless Steel[J].Surface Technology,2022,51(12):217-224, 254 |
| 316L不锈钢电化学着黑色研究 |
| Electrochemical Black of 316L Stainless Steel |
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| DOI：10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2022.12.022 |
| 中文关键词: 电化学着色 阳极氧化 环保 彩色不锈钢 腐蚀曲线 |
| 英文关键词:electrochemical coloring anodic oxidation environmental protection colored stainless steel corrosion curve |
| 基金项目:安阳工学院“洹水学者”培养计划项目(HRS201904);河南省高等学校青年骨干教师培养计划项目(2018GGJS144) |
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| Author | Institution |
| ZHANG Chang-song | School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Henan Anyang 455000, China |
| ZHOU Li-min | School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Henan Anyang 455000, China |
| YAN Dong | School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Henan Anyang 455000, China |
| HOU Shao-gang | School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Henan Anyang 455000, China |
| WANG Shu-hong | School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Henan Anyang 455000, China |
| WU Wei-ming | School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Henan Anyang 455000, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 调整316L不锈钢表面组成结构，改善表面性能，获得表面着黑色最佳电化学工艺条件。方法 通过电化学方法在除油抛光活化的316L不锈钢表面发生阳极氧化，研究了活化液浓度、阴阳极极板面积比、电解液的硼酸用量、电化学氧化电流密度、终止电压、阳极氧化时间、氧化温度对着色膜颜色效果、结合力、重现性的影响;研究了着黑色不锈钢与未着色不锈钢在酸碱盐水溶液体系中的表面腐蚀性能;探讨了着色条件对着色膜性能的影响及着色机理。结果 磷酸活化液浓度对着色效果影响显著，浓度越高活化的不锈钢板着黑色越纯正，但膜层结合性变差;着色液组成决定着着色膜颜色变化的范围。着色时间是影响着色膜颜色的主要因素，随着色时间的延长，膜层颜色呈现青、黄、红、黑变化。温度是影响着色膜层与不锈钢基材结合紧密程度的主要因素，25 ℃下形成的膜层与基体的结合最为紧密;电极阴阳极面积比是影响着色膜均匀程度的主要因素，阴阳极面积比为1∶1时，着色膜的一致性最好。结论 获得了316L不锈钢着纯正黑色膜层的最佳条件，磷酸活化液浓度为1.5 mol/L，电解着色液组成为30 g/L K2Cr2O7+20 g/L MnSO4.4H2O +40 g/L (NH4)2SO4 +10 g/L H3BO3，阴阳极板对应面积比为1∶1，着色温度为25 ℃，着色电压为2~4 V，阳极电流密度(DA)为0.20 A/dm2，阳极氧化时间为720 s。着黑色不锈钢膜层腐蚀性研究表明在含氯离子的中性水溶液环境中耐腐蚀性明显提高。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The purpose of this study is to obtain the best electrochemical process conditions for surface blackening by adjusting the surface composition and structure of 316L stainless steel and improving the surface performance. The electrochemical method was adjusted to oxide the surface of 316L stainless steel after degreasing, polishing and activation processes. The effects of the concentration of the activated solution, the area ratio of the anode and cathode plates, the amount of boric acid in the electrolyte, the current densities of the electrochemical oxidation, the termination voltages, the anodization time and the oxidation temperature on the coloring effect, binding force and reproducibility of the colored film were studied in detail; the surface corrosion resistance performance of the blackened stainless steel and the uncolored stainless steel in acid, alkali, and neutral salt solution systems were analyzed respectively; the effects of coloring conditions on the performance of the coloring film and the coloring mechanism were also discussed. The results showed that the concentration of phosphoric acid activation solution had a significant impact on the coloring effect, the higher the concentration, the more pure the black color of the activated stainless steel plate would be, but the bonding force of the film with the substrate would become worse; the composition of the coloring liquid determined the ranges of color change of the coloring film; the coloring time was the main factor that would affect the color of the colored film, with the extension of the coloring time, the color of the film changes into blue, yellow, red, and black colors in series; the temperature was the main factor that would affect the bonding force of the color film layer with the stainless steel substrate. It is found that the film layer formed at 25 ℃ displayed the strongest bonded force with the substrate. The area ratio of the anode to cathode was the main factor that would affect the uniformity of the colored film, when the area ratio of the anode to cathode was 1∶1, the formed colored film showed the most uniform film. The result shows that the best conditions for 316L stainless steel with pure black colored film are obtained, the concentration of phosphoric acid activated solution is 1.5 mol/L, the composition of the electrolytic coloring solution is K2Cr2O7 30 g/L, MnSO4.4H2O 20 g/L, (NH4)2SO4 40 g/L and H3BO3 10 g/L, the corresponding area ratio of the cathode to anode plate is 1∶1, the coloring temperature is 25 ℃, the coloring voltage is from 2.0 to 4.0 V, the anode current density (DA) is 0.20 A/dm2, and the anode oxidation time is about 720 s; the study on the corrosion resistance of the black stainless steel film showed that the corrosion resistance is significantly improved in a neutral aqueous solution containing chloride ions. This study provides a strategy to color the stainless steel plate into a series of colors under mild conditions by utilizing electrochemical process, and the colored film on the surface shows superior wearing resistance, corrosion resistance, and film contaces tightly with the stainless steel sbustrate. |
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