王卓超,孙春强,姬栋超,王鹏飞,杨磊,曹文鑫,朱嘉琦.高强度本征型自修复聚氨酯材料研究进展[J].表面技术,2022,51(8):1-14, 29.
WANG Zhuo-chao,SUN Chun-qiang,JI Dong-chao,WANG Peng-fei,YANG Lei,CAO Wen-xin,ZHU Jia-qi.Research Progress of High Strength Intrinsic Self-healing Polyurethane Materials[J].Surface Technology,2022,51(8):1-14, 29
高强度本征型自修复聚氨酯材料研究进展
Research Progress of High Strength Intrinsic Self-healing Polyurethane Materials
  
DOI:10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2022.08.001
中文关键词:  聚氨酯  本征型自修复  高强度  纳米填料增强  微相分离
英文关键词:polyurethane  intrinsic self-healing  high strength  nanofiller reinforcement  microphase separation
基金项目:国家自然科学基金杰出青年项目(51625201);国家自然科学基金重点项目(52032004);国家自然科学基金青年项目(52102039);黑龙江省重点研发计划项目(GA21D001);中国博士后科学基金面上项目(2021M700036);先进焊接与连接国家重点实验室开放基金(AWJ-22Z04);黑龙江省博士后面上基金(LBH-220059)
作者单位
王卓超 哈尔滨工业大学 复合材料与结构研究所,哈尔滨 150080 
孙春强 哈尔滨工业大学 复合材料与结构研究所,哈尔滨 150080 
姬栋超 哈尔滨工业大学 复合材料与结构研究所,哈尔滨 150080 
王鹏飞 国营芜湖机械厂,安徽 芜湖 241000 
杨磊 哈尔滨工业大学 分析测试与计算中心,哈尔滨 150001 
曹文鑫 哈尔滨工业大学 复合材料与结构研究所,哈尔滨 150080 
朱嘉琦 哈尔滨工业大学 复合材料与结构研究所,哈尔滨 150080;哈尔滨工业大学 微系统与微结构制造教育部重点实验室,哈尔滨 150080 
AuthorInstitution
WANG Zhuo-chao Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin 150080, China 
SUN Chun-qiang Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin 150080, China 
JI Dong-chao Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin 150080, China 
WANG Peng-fei State-owned Wuhu Machinery Factory, anhui Wuhu 241000, China 
YANG Lei Research Center of Analysis and Measurement, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China 
CAO Wen-xin Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin 150080, China 
ZHU Jia-qi Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin 150080, China ;Key Laboratory of Micro-systems and Micro-structures Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China 
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中文摘要:
      聚氨酯(PU)是一类具有高柔韧性和耐久性的弹性体聚合物,由多元醇与异氰酸酯通过加成聚合反应制备而成,广泛应用于工业、电子产品、建筑、运输和医疗等领域。引入自修复性能可为PU的使用寿命提高和可回收性做出巨大贡献。然而自修复要求聚合物分子链具有较高的运动能力,其引入往往会带来材料机械性能的下降,导致高强度自修复PU制备一直面临挑战。汇总了近年来高强度本征型自修复PU材料研究的思路与成就,总结了由多种相互作用力控制的自修复机制在平衡机械性能和可修复性的重要性。梳理了自修复PU的增强方式,首先是最常用的纳米填料增强,主要包括碳纳米管和石墨烯等碳基填料来提高自修复PU的力学性能;其次是利用特殊的分子设计方式,将富含氢键的基团引入侧链或主链中,通过提高氢键的密度使PU表现出优异的机械性能,实现高机械强度与高自愈合效率的共同突破;最后是控制“微相分离”,通过调节PU中的软基体与硬畴的分离程度,平衡材料的机械性能和自修复能力,获得高强度自修复PU。在此基础上,对目前各类增强方式存在的问题进行了对比和分析,并对高强度本征型自修复PU的发展方向和应用前景做出了展望。
英文摘要:
      Polyurethane (PU) is a type of elastomeric polymer with high flexibility and durability, which is prepared by addition polymerization of polyol and isocyanate. It is one of the most versatile engineering materials and is widely applied in industry, electronics, construction, transportation and medical fields. The introduction of self-healing properties provides a significant contribution to the improved service life and recyclability of PU. Nevertheless, self-healing requires polymer molecular chains with high motility, which often leads to degradation of the mechanical properties of the material, resulting in the preparation of high-strength self-healing PU has been a challenge. In recent years, a large number of scholars have carried out research work on this problem and achieved significant results, effectively promoting the progress of self-healing PU applications, yet there is no generalized report on its repair mechanism and material properties. This work summarizes the recent research experiences and achievements in the study of high-strength intrinsic self-healing PU materials, and summarizing the importance of self-healing mechanism controlled by multiple interaction forces in balancing mechanical properties and repairability. Sorting out the ways to enhance the self-healing PU, and the first one is nano-filler enhancement as most frequently used, mainly including carbon-based fillers such as carbon nanotubes and graphene to improve the mechanical properties of self-healing PU. Secondly, the introduction of hydrogen-rich groups into side chains or main chains by employing specific molecular design methods, making PU exhibit excellent mechanical properties by increasing the density of hydrogen bonds, and achieving a joint breakthrough of high mechanical strength and high self-healing efficiency. Finally, regulation of the "micro-phase separation", through regulating the degree of separation between the soft matrix and the hard domain in PU, the mechanical properties and self-healing ability of the material are balanced to obtain the high-strength self-healing PU. In addition, this review compares and analyses the current problems of various types of reinforcement methods, and provides an outlook of the development direction and application prospects of high-strength intrinsic self-healing PU.
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