孙杨慧,陈勇,王少辉,侯乃先,孙建刚.航空发动机可磨耗涂层在不同碰磨场景下的有毒物质产生机理[J].表面技术,2022,51(6):248-254, 290.
SUN Yang-hui,CHEN Yong,WANG Shao-hui,HOU Nai-xian,SUN Jian-gang.Toxic Generation Mechanism of Aero-engine Wearable Coatings under Different Abrasion Scenarios[J].Surface Technology,2022,51(6):248-254, 290
航空发动机可磨耗涂层在不同碰磨场景下的有毒物质产生机理
Toxic Generation Mechanism of Aero-engine Wearable Coatings under Different Abrasion Scenarios
  
DOI:10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2022.06.022
中文关键词:  铝硅聚苯酯  碰磨机理  热裂解  有毒物质
英文关键词:Al-Si polyester  rubbing mechanism  pyrolysis  toxic substance
基金项目:
作者单位
孙杨慧 中国航发商用航空发动机有限责任公司,上海 201108 
陈勇 中国船舶集团有限公司第七一一研究所,上海 201108 
王少辉 中国航发商用航空发动机有限责任公司,上海 201108 
侯乃先 中国航发商用航空发动机有限责任公司,上海 201108 
孙建刚 矿冶科技集团有限公司,北京 100160 
AuthorInstitution
SUN Yang-hui AVIC Commercial Aircraft Engine Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201108, China 
CHEN Yong No.711 Research Institute of China State Shipbuilding Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201108, China 
WANG Shao-hui AVIC Commercial Aircraft Engine Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201108, China 
HOU Nai-xian AVIC Commercial Aircraft Engine Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201108, China 
SUN Jian-gang BGRIMM Technology Group, Beijing 100160, China 
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中文摘要:
      目的 获得铝硅聚苯酯涂层在发动机不同碰磨条件下磨削物的尺寸、内部结构与其热分解特性的关系,进而揭示有毒气体产生的机理。方法 应用LS–DYNA软件计算压气机在不同运行工况下叶片的伸长量与伸长率,定义碰磨场景。应用等离子喷涂技术(APS)制备铝硅聚苯酯涂层,利用高温超高速可磨耗试验机模拟碰摩场景并开展碰摩试验。利用扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)表征不同碰摩场景下磨削物颗粒的尺寸、形貌与成分。利用气相色谱–质谱连用仪对不同尺寸、形貌及内部结构的磨削物颗粒开展热分解试验,获得热分解规律及导致客舱引气污染的有害物质。结果 高转速(183 m/s)、低进给率(28 μm/s)条件下,磨削物颗粒的平均尺寸约为30.8 μm;高转速(183 m/s)、高进给率(257 μm/s)条件下,磨削物颗粒的平均尺寸约为74 μm;低转速(52 m/s)、低进给率(28 μm/s)条件下,磨削物颗粒的平均尺寸约为101.8 μm;低转速(52 m/s)、高进给率(257 μm/s)条件下,磨削物颗粒的平均尺寸约为119.4 μm。当涂层磨削物颗粒尺寸大于100 μm时,在210 ℃附近未发生热解,仅在550 ℃附近有明显的热解反应;当涂层磨削物颗粒尺寸小于75 μm时,在210、550 ℃附近都有明显的热解现象,且都会产生苯、甲苯等有害物质。结论 线速度基本一致的条件下,磨削物颗粒尺寸与进给率成正相关;进给率基本一致的条件下,磨削物颗粒尺寸与进给率成负相关。磨削物颗粒的热稳定性与颗粒的尺寸、内部结构相关。涂层在高转速下热效应明显,涂层骨架中的聚苯酯发生部分坍塌,内部结构遭到破坏,导致磨削物在低温下发生热解反应,且产生的有害物质会污染客舱引气。
英文摘要:
      To obtain the relationship between the grinding particles size, internal structure and thermal decomposition characteristics of aluminum-silicon polyester coating under different rubbing conditions, and study the mechanism of toxic gas generation. LS-DYNA software was applied to calculate the blade elongation and elongation rate under different operating conditions of the compressor, and define the rubbing scenarios. In addition, APS was also applied to prepare the Al-Si polyester coating, and the rubbing tests were carried out by high-temperature ultra-high-speed abrasion test machine. Furthermore, SEM and EDS were used to characterize the size, morphology and composition of the grinding particles under different rubbing scenarios. Thermal decomposition tests were conducted on rubbing particles using GC-MS to obtain the thermal decomposition patterns and harmful substances that cause cabin air pollution. The results showed that the average size of the grinding particles was 30.8 μm at low feed rate (28 μm/s) and high speed (183 m/s); the average size of the rubbing particles was 74 μm at high speed (183 m/s) and high feed rate (257 μm/s); the average size of the grinding particles was 101.8 μm at low speed (52 m/s) and low feed rate (28 μm/s) and the average size of the rubbing particles was 119.4 μm at low speed (52 m/s) and high feed rate (257 μm/s). When the size of grinding particle was larger than 100 μm, a significant pyrolysis reaction occurred only near 550 ℃. When rubbing particle size of the coating was smaller than 75 μm, there were significant pyrolysis reactions near 210 ℃ and 550 ℃, and harmful substances such as benzene and toluene were produced. In conclusion, the size of the rubbing particles is positively correlated with the feed rate when the linear speed remains the same, and the size of grinding particles is negatively correlated with the feed rate when the feed rate is basically the same. The thermal stability of the rubbing particles is related to the size and internal structure of the particles. Due to the obvious thermal effect of coating at the high speed, the internal structure will be damaged, which results in the pyrolysis reaction of the rubbing particles at low temperature. Furthermore, the produced harmful substances will contaminate the cabin air induction.
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