秦晓静,江佳廉,张俊秋.仿生表面的离心风机叶轮抗冲蚀性能研究[J].表面技术,2021,50(8):84-94.
QIN Xiao-jing,JIANG Jia-lian,ZHANG Jun-qiu.Study on Anti-erosion Performance of Centrifugal Fan Impeller with Bionic Surface[J].Surface Technology,2021,50(8):84-94 |
| 仿生表面的离心风机叶轮抗冲蚀性能研究 |
| Study on Anti-erosion Performance of Centrifugal Fan Impeller with Bionic Surface |
| 投稿时间：2021-06-07 修订日期：2021-07-31 |
| DOI：10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2021.08.008 |
| 中文关键词: 仿生表面 沙漠红柳 离心风机叶轮 抗冲蚀性能 体表形态 数值模拟 试验优化设计 |
| 英文关键词:bionic surface desert tamarisk centrifugal fan impeller anti-erosion performance body surface morphology numerical simulation experimental optimization design |
| 基金项目:装备预研教育部联合基金(6141A02022131);国防科技创新特区(1716312ZT00406401);吉林大学研究生创新研究计划(101832020CX159) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 针对传统方法对提高离心风机叶轮抗冲蚀性能效果不显著的问题，从仿生学角度出发，对基于沙漠红柳优异抗冲蚀机理的仿生离心风机叶轮抗冲蚀性能进行了研究。方法 对沙漠红柳、垂柳树皮进行顺纹拉伸和冲蚀试验，定性定量分析沙漠红柳抗冲蚀磨损性能。基于对沙漠红柳树干、树枝体表形态表征测试，建立仿生表面模型，并利用Fluent对其进行数值模拟，比较分析不同仿生表面模型的冲蚀磨损性能及机理。参照ASTM-G76-83标准，设计制造离心风机冲蚀磨损试验装置。并基于有限元仿真结果和风机叶轮冲蚀性能的可视化研究，优化并制造离心风机仿生叶轮，对其进行冲蚀试验，评价分析各试验因素对叶轮冲蚀性能的影响。结果 沙漠红柳树皮弹性模量(509.17 MPa)大于垂柳树皮弹性模量(313.19 MPa)，沙漠红柳冲蚀磨损量最大值(21.6 mg)小于垂柳冲蚀磨损量的最小值(24.1 mg)，表明沙漠红柳具有较优的抗冲蚀性能。进一步观测沙漠红柳树皮形貌，发现其体表分布有大量的凹槽和凸包等特殊形态，通过模拟发现，这些特殊形态相较于光滑表面，可有效降低粒子对表面的冲蚀磨损量。基于对样件的冲蚀试验发现，影响叶轮冲蚀性能的主次因素依次为:单元形态、间距、特征尺寸。最优样件组合为:V形槽、间距2 mm、特征尺寸4 mm。结论 沙漠红柳树皮具有优异的抗冲蚀性能，这与其体表特殊形态紧密相关。基于沙漠红柳体表特殊形态设计的仿生离心风机叶轮较光滑叶轮，具有优异的抗冲蚀性能，经测试发现，最优组合样件的抗冲蚀性能较传统的光滑件提高了28.97%。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| As traditional methods have no significant effect on improving the anti-erosion performance of centrifugal fan impeller, the anti-erosion performance of bionic centrifugal fan impeller based on the excellent anti-erosion mechanism of desert tamarisk was studied from the perspective of bionics. The bark of tamarisk and willow was respectively tested by tensile tests and erosion tests to analyze the anti-erosion performance of the tamarisk bark qualitatively and quantitatively. Based on the morphological characterization tests of the tamarisk trunk and branches, the bionic surface model was established, and Fluent was used to carry out numerical simulation to compare and analyze the anti-erosion performance and mechanism of different bionic surface models. The design and manufacture of the centrifugal fan erosion test equipment referred to ASTM-G76-83 standard. Based on numerical simulation and visualization research on erosion performance of the fan impeller, the centrifugal fan impeller with bionic surface was designed and processed. The erosion test was carried out to evaluate and analyze the influence of various factors on the erosion performance of the impeller. The elastic modulus of the tamarisk bark (509.17 MPa) was significantly larger than that of the weeping willow bark (313.19 MPa). The maximum erosion (21.6 mg) of tamarisk bark was lower than the minimum erosion (24.1 mg) of willow bark, which indicated that the bark of tamarisk had better anti-erosion performance. Further, the characterization test of the bark morphology of tamarisk showed that there were a lot of special morphologies, such as grooves and convex bumps, distributed on its body surface. Through simulation, it was found that compared with the smooth surface, these special morphologies could effectively reduce the erosion wear of the surface caused by particles. Based on the erosion test of the sample, it showed that the main and secondary factors affecting the erosion performance of the impeller were:element shape, spacing, and element size. Thus, the optimal sample combination was:V-shaped groove, spacing 2 mm, element size 4 mm. The bark of tamarisk has excellent anti-erosion performance, which is closely related to the special morphologies of its surface. The impeller of the bionic centrifugal fan based on the special shape of tamarisk has better anti-erosion performance than the smooth impeller. It is found that the anti-erosion performance of the optimal sample combination is 28.97% higher than that of the traditional smooth part. |
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