吕艾霖,田野.仿蛛丝纤维集水进展[J].表面技术,2021,50(8):40-50.
LYU Ai-lin,TIAN Ye.Advances in Spider-silk-inspired Fiber for Water Collection[J].Surface Technology,2021,50(8):40-50 |
| 仿蛛丝纤维集水进展 |
| Advances in Spider-silk-inspired Fiber for Water Collection |
| 投稿时间：2021-06-29 修订日期：2021-08-06 |
| DOI：10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2021.08.004 |
| 中文关键词: 微流控 集水 纤维 蛛丝 仿生 |
| 英文关键词:microfluidics water collection fiber spider silk bioinspired |
| 基金项目:广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(2020A1515110126，2021A1515010130);中央高校基本科研业务专项资金资助(N2119006) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 水资源短缺已经是21世纪全球性的重大问题，如何解决水资源短缺问题迫在眉睫。清晨挂满硕大水滴的蜘蛛网为解决水资源短缺问题提供了一个良好的思路。全面总结了仿蛛丝纤维集水领域的研究进展，重点介绍了仿蛛丝纤维的常见制备方法，包括瑞利不稳定法、电动力学技术和微流控法，详细划分了各类制备方法的子类，并对每一种方法的制备步骤、原理和优缺点进行了详细介绍。同时，详细介绍了仿蛛丝纤维集水的主要原理，包括拉普拉斯压力差、表面能梯度、滞后效应、悬挂能力和交叉结构受力原理，为集水工程与技术的开发和改进提供了理论基础。另外，介绍了单根仿蛛丝纤维集水、纤维交叉结构集水和大规模集水等仿蛛丝微纤维的集水行为。最后，对仿蛛丝纤维集水的未来发展方向进行了分析和展望。将有助于全面了解仿蛛丝纤维的制备方法、集水机理及集水行为，对集水效率的提高、油水分离、材料界面、流体控制和功能材料等领域的发展起到促进作用。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The shortage of water resources has become a major global problem in the 21st century. How to solve the problem is very urgent. In nature, the spider web will condense huge water droplets in the early morning, which provides a good idea for solving the problem of water shortage. The research progress in water harvesting of spider-silk-inspired fiber is summarized comprehensively. The common fabrication methods of spider-silk-inspired microfibers is mainly introduced, including rayleigh instability methods, electrodynamic techniques and microfluidic methods, and the subclasses of all kinds of fabrication methods and introduces the fabrication steps, mechanism, advantages and disadvantages for each method is divided in detail in this paper. Meanwhile, the main mechanisms of water collection of spider-silk-inspired microfiber is also introduced, including difference in Laplace pressure, surface energy gradient, hysteresis effects, hanging ability and forces in intersecting configuration, providing a theoretical basis for the development and improvement of water collection engineering and technology. In addition, the water collection behaviors is also introduced, including water collection on a single microfiber, water collection on intersecting microfibers and large-scale water collection. At last, the future development direction of spider- silk-inspired microfiber is analyzed and prospected, which contributes to a comprehensive understanding of the fabrication methods, the water collection mechanism and water collection behaviors of spider-silk-inspired microfiber and promotes the development of water collection efficiency, oil-water separation, material interface, fluid control and functional materials. |
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