丁帅帅,刘国东,黎相孟,冯琪渊,仝志宏,程浩田.纳秒激光对金属清洗着色机理及质量的研究[J].表面技术,2021,50(3):183-190, 197.
DING Shuai-shuai,LIU Guo-dong,LI Xiang-meng,FENG Qi-yuan,TONG Zhi-hong,CHENG Hao-tian.Study on the Mechanism and Quality of Metal Cleaning and Coloring by Nanosecond Laser[J].Surface Technology,2021,50(3):183-190, 197
纳秒激光对金属清洗着色机理及质量的研究
Study on the Mechanism and Quality of Metal Cleaning and Coloring by Nanosecond Laser
投稿时间:2020-06-08  修订日期:2020-09-18
DOI:10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2021.03.016
中文关键词:  激光着色  激光清洗  激光烧蚀  表面处理  锈蚀层  温度场分布
英文关键词:laser coloring  laser cleaning  laser ablation  surface treatment  rust layer  temperature field distribution
基金项目:国家自然科学基金(51705479);山西省自然科学基金(201801D121182)
作者单位
丁帅帅 中北大学 机械工程学院,太原 030051;先进制造技术山西省重点实验室,太原 030051 
刘国东 中北大学 机械工程学院,太原 030051;先进制造技术山西省重点实验室,太原 030051 
黎相孟 中北大学 机械工程学院,太原 030051;先进制造技术山西省重点实验室,太原 030051 
冯琪渊 中北大学 机械工程学院,太原 030051;先进制造技术山西省重点实验室,太原 030051 
仝志宏 中北大学 机械工程学院,太原 030051;先进制造技术山西省重点实验室,太原 030051 
程浩田 中北大学 机械工程学院,太原 030051;先进制造技术山西省重点实验室,太原 030051 
AuthorInstitution
DING Shuai-shuai School of Mechanical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China;Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Taiyuan 030051, China 
LIU Guo-dong School of Mechanical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China;Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Taiyuan 030051, China 
LI Xiang-meng School of Mechanical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China;Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Taiyuan 030051, China 
FENG Qi-yuan School of Mechanical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China;Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Taiyuan 030051, China 
TONG Zhi-hong School of Mechanical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China;Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Taiyuan 030051, China 
CHENG Hao-tian School of Mechanical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China;Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Taiyuan 030051, China 
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中文摘要:
      目的 分析激光清洗着色工艺对有锈蚀层的304不锈钢着色质量的影响规律,探讨呈色原理,为实现清洗与着色的一次性成形提供理论及工艺支持。方法 采用COMSOL Multiphysics建立了激光加工有锈蚀层304不锈钢的有限元模型,分析了过程中温度场的分布和参数对材料烧蚀深度的影响,指导着色参数的选择。调整参数进行实验获得质量较好的着色样本,用扫描电子显微镜和X射线能谱仪对样本的微观结构及能谱分布进行测量,分析清洗质量、呈色原理。对粗糙度有差异的304不锈钢进行着色试验,分析粗糙度对颜色显示的影响。结果 仿真结果表明,温度场的分布与材料的导热系数相关,P=20 W、h=0.01 mm时,v减小,烧蚀深度加深。实验获得的黄、蓝、绿、红4色样本,能量密度最低的蓝色样本中氧的质量分数由19.87%到0%的改变,表明各色样本均已实现清洗,同时能够进行着色,且获得平整的高质量表面。粗糙度高的着色样本,在观测角为90°时依然可以保证样本颜色不失真。结论 通过优化参数可以实现清洗与着色的一次性成形。纳秒激光着色304不锈钢,其呈色原理与能量密度相关。对表面粗糙度Ra>1.6 μm的304不锈钢着色,可获得不失真的着色样本。
英文摘要:
      To analyze the effect of laser cleaning and coloring process on the coloring quality of 304 stainless steel with rust layer, discuss the coloring principle, and provide theoretical and technological support for the one-time success of cleaning and coloring, this paper establishes the finite element model of 304 stainless steel with rust layer processed by nanosecond pulse laser by COMSOL Multiphysics, analyzes the influence of temperature field distribution and parameters on the surface ablation of the rust layer during the processing, guides the selection of coloring parameters, adjusts the test parameters to obtain the samples with good quality, measures the microstructure and energy spectrum distribution of the samples by scanning electron microscope and X-ray energy spectrometer, discusses the cleaning quality and color principle, as well as carries out the coloring test of 304 stainless steel with different roughness to analyze the effect of roughness on color display. The results show that the distribution of temperature field is related to the thermal conductivity of the material. When P = 20 W, h = 0.01 mm, v decreases and ablation depth deeps. In the four samples in yellow, blue, green and red, the oxygen content in the blue samples with the lowest energy density changed from 19.87wt% to 0wt%, indicating that all kinds of samples have been cleaned and can be colored to obtain smooth and high-quality surface. For the coloring sample with high roughness, the sample color is not distorted with the observation angle of 90°. One-time success of cleaning and coloring can be realized by optimizing the parameters. The color principle of 304 stainless steel by nanosecond laser is related to energy density. Undistorted coloring samples can be obtained through coloring 304 stainless steel with surface roughness Ra >1.6 μm.
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