李广琪,王丽芳,朱刚贤,赵亮,石世宏.扫描方式对中空环形激光熔覆层残余应力及基板变形的影响研究[J].表面技术,2021,50(3):158-170.
LI Guang-qi,WANG Li-fang,ZHU Gang-xian,ZHAO Liang,SHI Shi-hong.Influence of Scanning Patterns on Residual Stress of Cladding Layer and Substrate Deformation Produced by Hollow-ring Laser Cladding[J].Surface Technology,2021,50(3):158-170
扫描方式对中空环形激光熔覆层残余应力及基板变形的影响研究
Influence of Scanning Patterns on Residual Stress of Cladding Layer and Substrate Deformation Produced by Hollow-ring Laser Cladding
投稿时间:2020-06-30  修订日期:2020-09-02
DOI:10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2021.03.014
中文关键词:  中空环形激光  扫描方式  熔覆层  等效残余应力  翘曲变形
英文关键词:hollow-ring laser  scanning patterns  cladding layer  equivalent residual stress  warpage deformation
基金项目:国家重点研发计划(2016YFB1100300)
作者单位
李广琪 苏州大学 机电工程学院 江苏 苏州 215021 
王丽芳 工程训练中心,江苏 苏州 215021 
朱刚贤 苏州大学 机电工程学院 江苏 苏州 215021 
赵亮 苏州大学 机电工程学院 江苏 苏州 215021 
石世宏 苏州大学 机电工程学院 江苏 苏州 215021 
AuthorInstitution
LI Guang-qi College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Suzhou 215021, China 
WANG Li-fang Engineering Training Center, Soochow University, Suzhou 215021, China 
ZHU Gang-xian College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Suzhou 215021, China 
ZHAO Liang College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Suzhou 215021, China 
SHI Shi-hong College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Suzhou 215021, China 
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中文摘要:
      目的 揭示激光熔覆过程基材变形演变机理,同时研究不同扫描方式对中空环形激光熔覆层残余应力分布及基材变形的影响规律,以期减小熔覆层残余应力,控制基材形变量。方法 利用有限元分析软件ANSYS APDL编程语言,首先建立单道模型,探究了熔覆过程基板变形演变机理;其次建立单层多道有限元模型,模拟了6种不同扫描方式对激光熔覆层残余应力分布及基材翘曲变形的影响。基于“光束中空、光内送粉”熔覆工艺,开展了基板翘曲变形量实验研究。结果 数值模拟结果表明,基板在激光熔覆起始阶段产生了背向光源的弯曲变形,随着冷却的进行,开始转变为面向光源的翘曲变形。以减小熔覆层残余应力为评价指标,获得不同扫描方式的优越性排序为:沿长边往复扫描方式>沿短边往复扫描,外螺旋式扫描>分块式扫描>内螺旋式扫描>往复扫描。从降低基板翘曲变形程度来看,不同扫描方式的优越性排列为:沿长边往复扫描方式>沿短边往复扫描,分块式扫描>内螺旋式扫描>外螺旋式扫描>往复扫描。实验测量结果表明,基板变形程度的趋势与数值模拟结果一致,验证了数值模拟的正确性。不同扫描方式下,熔覆层残余应力水平与基材翘曲变形程度基本呈正相关趋势。结论 采用分块扫描方式可以显著降低熔覆层残余应力分布,改善基材翘曲变形程度,为提高中空环形激光熔覆成形质量路径规划选择提供参考。
英文摘要:
      In order to reduce the residual stress of the cladding layer and control the substrate deformation, the influence of different scanning patterns on the residual stress distribution of the cladding layer and the substrate deformation produced by hollow-ring laser is investigated. The mechanism of the substrate deformation evolution process is revealed as well. This paper firstly establishes a single-track model by the finite element analysis software ANSYS APDL programming language to study the substrate deformation mechanism during the cladding process, secondly builds a multi-track finite element model to simulate the influence of six different scanning patterns on the residual stress of cladding layer and the substrate deformation, and experimentally studies the substrate deformation amounts based on “hollow-beam, inside-beam powder feeding” process. The results show that the substrate deformation direction is opposite of the light source at the initial stage of laser cladding, and then faces the light source after cooling. From the perspective of reducing the residual stress of the cladding layer, the superiority of different scanning patterns is:reciprocating scanning along the long path > reciprocating scanning along the short path, outer spiral scanning > partition scanning > internal spiral scanning > reciprocating scanning, while from the perspective of reducing the substrate deformation, that is:reciprocating scanning along the long path > reciprocating scanning along the short path, partition scanning > internal spiral scanning > outer spiral scanning > reciprocating scanning. The experimental measurement results show that the trend of substrate deformation degree is consistent with the numerical simulation results, which verifies the correctness of the numerical simulation. The residual stress level is basically positively related to the substrate deformation degree under different scanning patterns. Finally, combining the analysis indicators of equivalent residual stress and substrate warpage deformation, it can be concluded that the partition scanning pattern can significantly reduce the residual stress of the cladding layer and alleviate the substrate deformation, which provides a reference for improving the path planning of hollow-ring laser cladding quality.
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