谢映光,王成磊,张可翔,梁朝杰,周承华,林德民,陈中敢.数值模拟和稀土调控改性结合优化铝合金表面激光熔覆[J].表面技术,2020,49(12):144-155.
XIE Ying-guang,WANG Cheng-lei,ZHANG Ke-xiang,LIANG Chao-jie,ZHOU Cheng-hua,LIN De-min,CHEN Zhong-gan.Optimizing Laser Cladding on Aluminum Alloy Surface with Numerical Simulation and Rare Earth Modification[J].Surface Technology,2020,49(12):144-155 |
| 数值模拟和稀土调控改性结合优化铝合金表面激光熔覆 |
| Optimizing Laser Cladding on Aluminum Alloy Surface with Numerical Simulation and Rare Earth Modification |
| 投稿时间：2020-08-03 修订日期：2020-10-28 |
| DOI：10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2020.12.016 |
| 中文关键词: 激光熔覆 数值模拟 温度场 应力场 稀土调控 铝合金 |
| 英文关键词:laser cladding numerical simulation temperature field stress field rare earth modification aluminum alloy |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金(61865004);广西自然科学基金(2018GXNSFAA281244);湖南省科技创新计划项目(2018JJ5031);桂林市科学研究与科技开发项目(20170302);广西信息材料重点实验室基金(171019-Z、191006-Z);桂林电子科技大学研究生教育创新计划项目(2020YCXS118) |
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| Author | Institution |
| XIE Ying-guang | School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China |
| WANG Cheng-lei | School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China |
| ZHANG Ke-xiang | School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China |
| LIANG Chao-jie | School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China |
| ZHOU Cheng-hua | Hunan Industry Polytechnic, Changsha 410208, China |
| LIN De-min | Guangxi Mingxin Chassis Parts Co.Ltd, Guilin 541004, China |
| CHEN Zhong-gan | Guangxi Mingxin Chassis Parts Co.Ltd, Guilin 541004, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 改善铝合金激光熔覆后强化层的缺陷，丰富铝合金表面激光熔覆裂纹形成机理及防止措施的基础理论。方法 将优化激光熔覆的工艺参数和稀土调控改性相结合，通过ANSYS 14.0有限元分析软件，对6063铝合金表面激光熔覆制备Ni60合金强化层的过程进行温度场和应力场的数值模拟，从而为铝合金激光熔覆的工艺参数优化提供参考，并通过实验对工艺参数进行了优化。然后在6063铝合金表面，采用优化的最佳工艺参数激光熔覆Ni60+稀土Y2O3的合金粉末，研究不同稀土含量对强化层的影响，获得最佳的稀土含量，探讨激光熔覆裂纹形成机理和防控措施。结果 通过有限元模拟，优化激光熔覆工艺参数后，制备不同稀土含量的铝合金强化层。未加入稀土时，Ni60强化层中出现大量的气孔和裂纹;当稀土含量少于4%时，强化层的气孔和裂纹数量随稀土含量的增加而减少;当稀土含量为4%~5%时，强化层厚度达到1000 μm，截面形貌无明显气孔、裂纹，截面形貌较好;当稀土含量超过5%时，气孔和开裂现象增加。通过对强化层残余应力进行模拟分析，铝合金激光熔覆强化层开裂的形成机理为凝固裂纹和液化裂纹。结论 将有限元数值模拟优化激光熔覆的工艺参数和稀土调控改性结合起来，可以很好地改善铝合金表面激光强化层开裂的问题。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To improve the defects of the strengthened layer after aluminum alloy laser cladding and enrich the basic theory of the formation mechanism and preventive measures of laser cladding cracks on the surface of aluminum alloy. In this work, the optimization of the laser cladding process parameters and the rare-earth modification were combined. To provide a reference for the optimization of the process parameters of laser cladding of aluminum alloy, the temperature field and stress field of the process of preparing Ni60 alloy strengthened layer by laser cladding on the surface of 6063 aluminum alloy were simulated by ANSYS 14.0 finite element analysis software, and the process parameters were optimized through experiments. Using optimized optimal process parameters to cladding Ni60+Y2O3 alloy powder on the surface of 6063 aluminum alloy, studied the influence of different rare earth content on the strengthened layer, obtained the best rare earth content, discussed the mechanism of laser cladding crack formation and prevention and modified measures. After optimizing the laser cladding process parameters through finite element simulation, aluminum alloy strengthened layers with different rare earth contents were prepared. When there no rare earth was added, the surface cross-sectional morphology of the Ni60 strengthened layer was the worst, and a large number of pores and cracks appear in the strengthened layer. When the rare earth content was less than 4%, the amount of pores and cracks in the strengthened layer decreases with the increase of the rare earth content. When the rare earth content is 4%~5%, the thickness of the strengthened layer reaches 1000 μm, and the cross-sectional morphology had no obvious pores or cracks. The cross-sectional morphology was better. When the content of rare earth exceeded 5%, the pores and cracking phenomenon increase. Combined with the residual stress simulation analysis, the formation mechanism of the aluminum alloy laser cladding crack strengthened layer cracking was solidification crack and liquefaction crack. Combining finite element numerical simulation to optimize the process parameters of laser cladding and rare earth control modification can well improve the problem of cracking of the laser strengthened layer on the surface of aluminum alloy. |
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