石文天,王朋,刘玉德,韩冬,侯岩军.选区激光熔化成形316L表面质量及工艺试验研究[J].表面技术,2019,48(3):257-267.
SHI Wen-tian,WANG Peng,LIU Yu-de,HAN Dong,HOU Yan-jun.Experimental Study on Surface Quality and Process of Selective Laser Melting Forming 316L[J].Surface Technology,2019,48(3):257-267 |
| 选区激光熔化成形316L表面质量及工艺试验研究 |
| Experimental Study on Surface Quality and Process of Selective Laser Melting Forming 316L |
| 投稿时间：2018-12-05 修订日期：2019-03-20 |
| DOI：10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2019.03.035 |
| 中文关键词: 选区激光熔化技术 316L不锈钢 表面质量 缺陷 致密度 |
| 英文关键词:selective laser melting 316 stainless steel surface quality defect density |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（51505006） |
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| Author | Institution |
| SHI Wen-tian | School of Materials and Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China |
| WANG Peng | School of Materials and Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China |
| LIU Yu-de | School of Materials and Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China |
| HAN Dong | School of Materials and Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China |
| HOU Yan-jun | School of Materials and Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 提高选区激光熔化成形316L不锈钢的成形表面质量，达到高质高效成形效果。方法 采用380 W功率的激光进行SLM成形，对比160 μm大层厚和1000 mm/s以上高速率两种工艺组合，对表面及截面缺陷形成机理进行试验研究，检测其表面形貌、致密度、微观组织、力学性能等，探索316L高质高效打印成形的工艺方法。结果 选区激光熔化成形316L不锈钢主要有球化、搭接、熔池间未熔合的表面缺陷，截面具有气孔、球化、熔池间未熔合的缺陷。曝光时间对于大层厚成形截面质量影响最大，增加曝光时间会提高成形致密度；而较小的曝光时间和点距以及线间距更有利于高速率成形。在1000 mm/s高速率试验条件下，即曝光时间、点距、线间距分别为30 μs、30 μm、90 μm时，试件致密度达到99.99%。结论 高速率成形的截面质量通过工艺优化组合可达到高致密度，且通过表面重熔工艺改善表面效果明显，整体性能最优。大层厚参数打印成形虽可达到高致密度，但在表面质量方面与高速率成形参数存在较大差距。综合比较，高速率成形在保证较好表面质量的前提下可以达到高致密度。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The work aims to improve the surface quality of the 316L stainless steel formed by the selective laser melting (SLM), so as to achieve the high-quality and high-efficiency forming effects. SLM forming was performed with a laser power of 380 W. The formation mechanism of defects on surface and cross section of 316L stainless steel was tested and studied based on high layer thickness of 160 μm and high scanning speed over 1000 mm/s to determine the surface morphology, density, micro-structure, mechanical properties, etc. and explore the process of high-quality and high-efficiency printing and forming of 316L. The surface defects of SLM forming 316L stainless steel were mainly spheroidization, lap, and poor fusion between molten pools. The cross-section defects mainly consisted of pores, spheroidization, and poor fusion between molten pools. The exposure time had the greatest influence on the quality of the high layer thickness forming section, and increasing the exposure time improved the forming density; while the smaller exposure time, point distance and hatch space were more favorable for high scanning speed forming. Under the high scanning speed experimental conditions of 1000 mm/s, namely that the exposure time, point distance and hatch space were 30 μs, 30 μm, and 90 μm, respectively, the density of the test piece reached 99.99%. The quality of cross section formed by high rate can achieve high density through process optimization combination, and the surface re-melting process improves the surface effect obviously. Therefore, the overall performance is optimal. High layer thickness parameter printing can achieve high density, but has large difference from the high rate forming parameters in surface quality. After comprehensive comparison, high rate forming can achieve the high density under the premise of ensuring better surface quality. |
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